To study the pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin using salivary drug concentration when administered alone or in combination with rifampicin r, isoniazid h and pyrazinamide z and also to assess the saliva to plasma concentration ratio. The impact of these findings cannot be evaluated without further clinical experience. Treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea with a single dose 400 mg p. Evaluation of fluoroquinolone reduced dosage regimens in. The pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin were investigated in eight healthy male volunteers. College of pharmacy, chitradurga, karnataka india abstract ofloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone broad spectrum anti microbial agent used in. Pharmacokinetic parameters of ofloxacin in normal and febrile rabbits were determined by using two compartment open kinetic model. The pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone widely used in the treatment of bacterial infections, may be different according to age, owing to the biological differences that exist between an elderly organism and a young subject, expecially as regards the renal and the hepatic function. When taken by mouth or injection into a vein, these include pneumonia, cellulitis, urinary tract infections, prostatitis, plague, and certain types of infectious diarrhea.
Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 975k, or click on a page image. It has a halflife t 12 of 57 hours with an oral bioavailability up to 95%. The pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin and its metabolites were studied at the end of the treatment period. This was thought to be representative of regenerative process. Ofloxacin floxin 200, 300 400 mg tablets tends to be used for urinary tract infections janssenortho iv solutions 4 mgml, 50 ml levofloxacin levaquin 250, 500, 750 mg tablets lisomer of ofloxacin is more potent part janssenortho iv infusion 500 mg100 ml levofloxacin is only quinolone with fdaapproval. In compartmental analysis, the data on plasma concentrations was best described by an open twocompartment model. Pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin after a single intravenous bolus dose in neonatal calves. Highly polar not absorbed via gi tract unable to penetrate the blood brain barrier highly concentrated in the kidneys and the inner part of ear causing nephro and ototoxicity not metabolized excretion. Twelve healthy male volunteers were investigated on four. Observation after 2 week treatment, edema had resolved, lesions were replaced by fibrotic foci and chondrocyte clusters were observed around lesions. Effective for systemic infections long t12 interactions.
Instill 5 drops into affected ears once daily for 7 days. Pdf bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in healthy. Ofloxacin ophthalmic solution ofloxacin ophthalmic. Rapidly and almost completely absorbed from gi tract. Extravascularroutesofdrugadministration 107 figure6. To test the hypothesis that ofloxacin may interfere with the renal elimination of procainamide, 9 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive 1 g of oral procainamide as a single dose with or. We assessed the pharmacokinetics and safety of ofloxacin in children ofloxacin for mdrtb treatment or preventive therapy. Levofloxacin is significantly more active against bacterial pathogens than r. Twelve healthy male volunteers were investigated on four different occasions with an interval of at least. The mean serum ofloxacin concentration ranged from 0. Pharmacokinetics and safety of ofloxacin in children with.
A zeroorder absorption behaviour was found in some. The pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin following a single 200 mg oral dose were studied in twelve healthy elderly volunteers. Pdf the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of ofloxacin in 20 healthy male volunteers were studied in an openlabel, randomized, twoway. Pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin after single and multiple.
Levofloxacin, the levorotatory form of ofloxacin, is a frequently prescribed antibiotic, especially in outpatient clinics, because this drug can be administered both orally and intravenously. Other uses, along with other medications, include treating multidrug resistant tuberculosis. Stephy kuriakose resident rounds handout without pic nov. Ofloxacin may also be used to treat or prevent anthrax or plague serious infections that may be spread on. Pharmacokinetics of a single dose of ofloxacin in healthy. It has a role as a dna synthesis inhibitor, an antiinfective agent and an antibacterial drug. Each ml of ciprodex contains ciprofloxacin hydrochloride equivalent to 3 mg ciprofloxacin base, 1 mg. Ofloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class considered to be a secondgeneration fluoroquinolone. Apply every 24 hours for the first 2 days, then reduced to 4 times a day for maximum 10 days treatment. L from a solution having 50 mg sncl 2, and 50 mg sodpot pyrophosphate in 10 ml distilled water were added. Pharmacokinetics serum, urine and tear film concentrations of ofloxacin were measured in 30 healthy women at various time points during a tenday course of treatment with 3 mgml ofloxacin eye drops. Jan 20, 2020 serum, urine and tear concentrations of ofloxacin were measured in 30 healthy women at various time points during a tenday course of treatment with ofloxacin ophthalmic solution. Ofloxacin was first patented in 1982 european patent daiichi and received approval.
In renal insufficiency drug accumulation requiring dosage reduction. Streptococcal isolates were collected from patients with keratitis and endophthalmitis between 1990 and 2001. Ofloxacin is an antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections. Ofloxacin was present in the bile in glucuronidised form. Pdf dose related pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in healthy. Nov 28, 2016 serum, urine and tear concentrations of ofloxacin were measured in 30 healthy women at various time points during a tenday course of treatment with ofloxacin ophthalmic solution. Formulation and evaluation of ofloxacin aqueous injection. The safety and pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in 48 healthy male volunteers were studied in a twocenter. This study shows that in intensive care patients the pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin differ from those reported for healthy volunteers. In 10 volunteers, the pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin hoe 280, dl 8280. Ofloxacin is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is excreted in the urine as unchanged drug via active tubular secretion and glomerular filtration. Full text get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 697k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Ofloxacin floxin side effects, dosage, interactions.
The plasma halflife is prolonged in persons with renal insufficiency. Ofloxacin is a 4quinolone antibiotic with rapid bactericidal activity against a wide variety of organisms. Medical college, gulbarga, india 2department of anesthesia and critical care, dr. Between 65% and 80% of an administered oral dose of ofloxacin is excreted unchanged via the kidneys within 48 hours of dosing. Ofloxacin induced tendon lesions on articular cartilage at 900 mgkg dose only.
Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 506k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. A case of cefixime, ofloxacin combination tablet induced. Safety and pharmacokinetics of multiple doses of intravenous. Pdf in 10 volunteers, the pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin hoe 280, dl 8280. Floxin ofloxacin tablets tablets is a synthetic broadspectrum antimicrobial agent for oral administration. Relevant pharmacokinetic parameters were analysed by both noncompartmental and compartmental models. Good bioavailability after oral administration, maximum concentration in serum within 60 min after oral administration. Pharmacokinetics of a single dose of ofloxacin in healthy elderly.
Repeated administrations were performed for 4 days 200 mg every. Introduction to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in healthy volunteers. Ofloxacin stops the multiplication of bacteria by inhibiting the reproduction and repair of their genetic material dna. Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis hd patients1 because they are immunodeficient and at high risk of bacterial infection. Ofloxacin 400 mg tablets summary of product characteristics. Its commonly used as an eye drop to treat conjunctivitis pink eye and corneal ulcers the tablet form of ofloxacin is. Pdf pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin after parenteral and. We assessed the pharmacokinetics and safety of ofloxacin in children mar 12, 2015. Product monograph ofloxacin tablets 200, 300 and 400 mg therapeutic classification antibacterial agent actions and clinical pharmacology ofloxacin is a broadspectrum, synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent for oral administration. The pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in south african mdrtb patients have been elucidated, taking into account glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion as the primary elimination pathways thirtysix percent of patients failed to achieve the minimum free aucmic ratio of 100 higher doses of ofloxacin should be considered. Pdf pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin after parenteral and oral. The pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin are characterised by almost complete bioavailability 95 to 100%, peak serum concentrations in the range of 2 to 3 mgl after a 400mg oral dose and an. Plasma and dialysate concentrations of ofloxacin and ofloxacin metabolites were measured by hplc.
Ofloxacin is an antibiotic prescribed to treat pneumonia, bronchitis, staph infections, stds gonorrhea, chlamydia, urinary tract infections, and prostate infections caused by e. Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and is the optical s. Ofloxacin is an antibiotic drug used to treat bacterial infections. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in. The pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin after intravenous infusion are very similar to those after oral doses. Ofloxacin is thought to exert a bactericidal effect on susceptible bacterial cells by inhibiting the. Ofloxacin api manufacturers suppliers drug master files. Ofloxacin oral is an antibacterial agent that is fda approved for the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, communityacquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections. Levofloxacin was more active than ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin after parenteral and oral administration. The clinical pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin springerlink.
Moxifloxacin was not mutagenic in four bacterial strains used in the ames salmonella reversion assay. Plasma samples were collected predose and at 1, 2, 4, 8, and either 6 or 11 h after a 20mgkg dose. Ofloxacin 400 mg was administered either as a 1h infusion or as an oral tablet. Instill 10 drops into affected ears once daily for 7 days. Pharmacokinetics of antituberculosis medications delivered via percutaneous gastrojejunostomy tube. Pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in elderly patients and in. Twelve healthy male volunteers were investigated on four different occasions with an interval of at. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental analysis. Ofloxacin hoe 280, dl 8280, ofx is a new broadspectrum chemotherapeutic agent belonging to the group of the gyrase inhibitors. Ofloxacin pharmacokinetics absorption bioavailability. The pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin are characterised by almost complete bioavailability 95 to 100%, peak serum concentrations in the range of 2 to 3 mgl after a 400mg oral dose and an average halflife of 5 to 8h. Ofloxacin ophthalmic solution ofloxacin ophthalmic solution.
Ofloxacin floxin 200, 300 400 mg tablets tends to be used for urinary tract infections janssenortho iv solutions 4 mgml, 50 ml levofloxacin levaquin 250, 500, 750 mg tablets lisomer of ofloxacin is more potent part janssenortho iv infusion 500 mg100 ml. Ofloxacin population pharmacokinetics in patients with tuberculosis. Ofloxacin is also sometimes used to treat other types of infection, including legionnaires disease type of lung infection, certain sexually transmitted diseases, infections of the bones and joints and of the stomach and intestines. Serum, urine and tear concentrations of ofloxacin were measured in 30 healthy women at various time points during a tenday course of treatment with ofloxacin ophthalmic solution. Ofloxacin pharmacokinetics in mechanically ventilated. Absorption through gastrointestinal tract is reduced by antacids fluoroquinolones inhibit metabolism of theophylline. L1 and the auc of ofloxacin were comparable to the values in healthy volunteers given 300 to 400 mg. Dose related pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in healthy volunteers article pdf available in the international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease 611. Floxin ofloxacin side effects, images, uses, dosage.
Ofloxacin is a 2nd generation fluoroquinolone and is a racemic mixture of 50% levofloxacin and 50% dextrofloxacin. College of pharmacy, chitradurga, karnataka india abstract ofloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone broad spectrum anti microbial agent used in the treatment of bacterial. A novel method for the synthesis of ofloxacin kits using. Formulation and evaluation of ofloxacin aqueous injection 1, t. It belongs to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics which includes levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin, trovafloxacin and others. The bioavailability of ofloxacin in the tablet form is roughly 98% following oral administration, reaching maximum serum concentrations within one to two hours. It has a broad spectrum of in vitro activity against grampositive and gramnegative bacteria, as well as certain other pathogens such as mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella and mycobacteria spp. Reduced dosage in impaired renal or hepatic function to 100 mg 101 or 100.
Carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, impairment of fertility. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in healthy. Ofloxacin is an oxazinoquinolone carrying carboxy, fluoro, methyl and 4methylpiperazino substituents. A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent, it inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial dna gyrase, halting dna replication.
Ofloxacin pharmacokinetics in saliva tspace repository. Clinical pharmacokinetics is the application of pharmacokinetic principles to the safe and effective therapeutic management of drugs in an individual patient. Pharmacokinetics, urinary excretion and plasma protein binding of ofloxacin in water buffalo calves. Ofloxacin floxin side effects, dosage, interactions drugs. Pharmacokinetics and safety of ofloxacin in children with drug.
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